Adobe vs IBM

Method and sources

• Revenue growth (1 year): Adobe 10.5% (FY2025), IBM 7.6% (FY2025)
• Revenue growth (3-year CAGR): Adobe 10.5% (FY2025), IBM 3.7% (FY2025)
• Gross margin: Adobe 89.3% (FY2025), IBM 58.2% (FY2025)
• Net margin: Adobe 30.0% (FY2025), IBM 15.7% (FY2025)
• FCF margin: Adobe 41.4% (FY2025), IBM 17.9% (FY2025)

Latest fiscal year per company: Adobe FY2025, IBM FY2025. Fiscal years end on different dates, so years are not calendar-aligned.

Both report in USD. Amounts are as filed, not converted.

Why this pair: same peer group, revenue within 4x in the same currency. Peer groups are curated by hand from each company's business as described in its own 10-K/20-F (what it sells, not its SIC code). A company can sit in more than one group. Within a group, a pair is listed when both companies report in the same currency and the larger company's latest fiscal-year revenue is at most 4x the smaller one's; each company keeps its 4 nearest peers by revenue ratio. Companies reporting in different currencies are never size-matched (amounts are not converted); a short list of obvious same-industry pairs across currencies is added by hand, with the reason, as are two direct competitor pairs outside the size rule (AMD vs NVIDIA, Intel vs NVIDIA).

Derived = calculated by Hollsteen from reported SEC values; reported = as tagged in the filing. SEC filings only, no market data.